+ FR 1 -- ELEMENTARY FRENCH I (4 crs. 4 hrs.)
A one-year course for students with no previous training in the language, or, as indicated by the Language Placement Examination score. Emphasis on correct pronunciation through intensive oral practice, use of the language laboratory and audio-visual materials, acquisition of basic vocabulary and the elements of grammar for conversation, comprehension, reading and writing.
(NOTE: Not open to native speakers.)

+ FR 2 -- ELEMENTARY FRENCH II (4 crs. 4 hrs.)
Further development of language skills, comprehension, speaking, reading and writing.
Prerequisite: FR 1 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ FR 3 -- INTERMEDIATE FRENCH I (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Progressive development of language skills, based on foundations established in elementary French. Grammar review supplemented by readings of modern French literature.
Prerequisite: FR 2 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

FR 4 -- INTERMEDIATE FRENCH II (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Advanced grammar, composition and reading of modern French authors.
Prerequisite: FR 3 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ FR 22 -- FRENCH CONVERSATION (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Practice in conversational patterns and basic vocabulary leading to fluency in everyday situations.
Prerequisite: FR 1 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

FR 57 -- HAITIAN CULTURE and CIVILIZATION (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Chronological study of major trends and developments in Haitian culture and civilization from Columbus to the present. Political, literary and artistic movements, significant historical and intellectual figures and various areas of Haiti included. Instruction is in English.

FR 81 -- INDEPENDENT STUDY (1-3 crs. 1-3 hrs.)
Independent study of French is developed individually between student and faculty member and must be approved by the Department.

FR 82 -- (1-3 crs. 1-3 hrs.)
This course is of a topical and pilot nature and is designed to meet the immediate needs and interests of various student populations. It is offered for a maximum of two semesters.

HEBREW

+ HEB 1 -- ELEMENTARY HEBREW I (4 crs. 4 hrs.)
A one-year course for students with no previous training in the language, or, as indicated by the Language Placement Examination score. Emphasis on correct pronunciation through intensive oral practice, use of language laboratory and audio-visual materials, acquisition of basic vocabulary and the elements of grammar for conversation comprehension, reading and writing.
(NOTE: Not open to native speakers.)

+ HEB 2 -- ELEMENTARY HEBREW II (4 crs. 4 hrs.)
Further development of language skills, comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing.
Prerequisite: HEB 1 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ HEB 3 -- INTERMEDIATE HEBREW I (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Progressive development of language skills, based on the foundations established in elementary Hebrew. Grammar review supplemented by readings of modern Hebrew literature.
Prerequisite: HEB 2 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ HEB 30 -- HEBREW LITERATURE in TRANSLATION I (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Designed for non-Hebrew speaking students, course stresses reading and analysis of Hebrew classics in cultural and historical context. All readings and discussions in English.

HEB 31 -- HEBREW LITERATURE in TRANSLATION II (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Designed for non-Hebrew speaking students, course consideration is on the emergence of Hebrew writers in the modern world. Emphasis is on the main literary personalities and their major contributions. All reading and discussion in English.

HEB 81 -- INDEPENDENT STUDY (1-3 crs. 1-3 hrs.)
Independent study of Hebrew is developed individually between student and faculty member and must be approved by the Department.

HEB 82 -- (1-3 crs. 1-3 hrs.)
This course is of a topical and pilot nature and is designed to meet the immediate needs and interests of various student populations. It is offered for a maximum of two semesters.

ITALIAN

+ IT 1 -- ELEMENTARY ITALIAN I (4 crs. 4 hrs.)
A one-year course for students with no previous training in the language, or, as indicated by the Language Placement Examination score. Emphasis on correct pronunciation through intensive oral practice, use of the language laboratory and audio-visual materials, acquisition of basic vocabulary and the elements of grammar for conversation, comprehension, reading and writing.
(NOTE: Not open to native speakers.)

+ IT 2 -- ELEMENTARY ITALIAN II (4 crs. 4 hrs.)
Further development of language skills, comprehension, speaking, reading and writing.
Prerequisite: IT 1 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ IT 3 -- INTERMEDIATE ITALIAN I (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Progressive development of language skills, based on foundations established in elementary Italian. Grammar review supplemented by readings of modern Italian literature.
Prerequisite: IT 2 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

IT 4 -- INTERMEDIATE ITALIAN II (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Advanced grammar, composition and reading of modern Italian authors.
Prerequisite: IT 3 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ IT 22 -- ITALIAN CONVERSATION (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Practice in conversation on an elementary level. Emphasis on the vocabulary and idioms of everyday usage.
Prerequisite: IT 1 or equivalent

+ IT 30 -- LITERATURE in TRANSLATION (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
For non-ltalian speaking students, course includes reading and analysis of representative works of Italian literature in their cultural and historical context. Reading and discussion in English.
Prerequisite: ENG 12

IT 70 -- ITALIAN CINEMA (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
History of Italian Cinema from the silent era and Fascist period to the present, with emphasis on postwar neorealism and the major directors of the sixties and seventies. Films in Italian with English subtitles. Instruction is in English.
Prerequisite: ENG 12

IT 81 -- INDEPENDENT STUDY (1-3 crs. 1-3 hrs.)
Independent study of Italian is developed individually between student and faculty member and must be approved by the Department.

SPANISH

+ SPA 1 -- ELEMENTARY SPANISH I (4 crs. 4 hrs)
One-year course designed for students with no previous training in the language, or, as indicated by the Language Placement Examination score. Emphasis on correct pronunciation through intensive oral practice, use of language laboratory and audio-visual materials, acquisition of basic vocabulary and the elements of grammar for conversation, comprehension, reading and writing.
(NOTE: Not open to native speakers.)

+ SPA 2 -- ELEMENTARY SPANISH II (4 crs. 4 hrs)
Further development of language skills, comprehension, speaking, reading and writing.
Prerequisite: SPA 1 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ SPA 3 -- INTERMEDIATE SPANISH (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Progressive development of language skills, based on foundations established in elementary Spanish. Grammar review is supplemented by readings of modern Spanish literature.
Prerequisite: SPA 2 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

SPA 4 -- READINGS in HISPANIC LITERATURE (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Advanced grammar and composition through selected readings in Hispanic literature.
Prerequisite: SPA 3 or acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ SPA 11 -- SPANISH for TEACHERS I (4 crs. 4 hrs.)
Teachers are introduced to Spanish language fundamentals. Development of basic conversational ability, grammar patterns, understanding writing and reading through intensive practice in the classroom. Language lab drills use computer software, audio-visual and musical materials. Different approaches for teaching Spanish to children.
OPEN to TEACHERS ONLY or Department permission.

SPA 12 -- SPANISH for TEACHERS II (4 crs. 4 hrs.)
Further development of Spanish language skills for teachers includes: study of basic grammatical patterns; development and acquisition of new vocabulary; ample utilization of language lab and classroom drills; use of computer software, audio-visual and musical materials. Various approaches for teaching Spanish to children.
OPEN to TEACHERS ONLY or Department permission.
Prerequisite: SPA 11 or equivalent

+ SPA 17 -- INTENSIVE REVIEW of SPANISH GRAMMAR (3 crs. 4 hrs. -- 1 equated cr.)
For students who have had three or more years of high school Spanish but have not studied the language for a substantial period of time, or for Spanish native speakers with limited formal training in the language.
Prerequisite: Acceptable Language Placement Examination score

+ SPA 18 -- PROPER MODELS of SPANISH GRAMMAR and CONVERSATION for NATIVE SPEAKERS (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
For Spanish-speaking students, stress on improvement of reading and writing skills.
Prerequisites: Native conversational ability, acceptable Language Placement Examination score and Department permission

+ SPA 31 -- READINGS in SPANISH-AMERICAN LITERATURE in TRANSLATION (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
For students who wish to explore the high points of Spanish-American literature. Instruction is in English. Open to all students.

+ SPA 33 -- INTERMEDIATE SPANISH CONVERSATION (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Intensive practice in spoken Spanish for students who wish to use the language to communicate with Spanish-speaking people, and students of Spanish in familiar situations.
Prerequisites: SPA 2, 22 or Department permission

+ SPA 34 -- SPANISH AMERICA: CULTURE, ART and MUSIC (3 crs. 3 hrs.)
Outstanding facets of Spanish-American culture, includes all important historic, political, literary and artistic movements, individuals, ideas and periods. Grammar, literature and composition emphasized through reading selected representative authors and works of each period. Instruction is in both Spanish and English.
Prerequisite: SPA 4 or 18 or Department permission